Rockfall bolting, barrier structure and protection system is geo-structural topic; the aim of it is to serve and protect the community from life risk, economic loss and environmental implications.Rock hazard vector and rock stabilizing systems becomes necessary to protect nearby residential areas, transportation and roads. Rock bolting is the primary protection system resisting static pressure, and rockfall barrier is the secondary protection system resisting dynamic avalanche pressure from 75 kJ up to 5000 kJ (16,200 kg). The selection for the primary or secondary active protection system depends on location and the magnitude of the hazardous of rock stabilizing phenomena.The primary protection system; active or passive post-tensioning system is used as rock bolting.It depends on skin friction of grout-to-soil and bond length of the anchor. The initial transfer force at lock-off shall not exceed 70% from the Minimum Ultimate Strength.The secondary protection system to stabilize the surface uses high-tensile wire mesh or wire cloth screen mesh with strength of individual retaining wire-rope more than 1,770 N/mm2. It can retain up to 38 m3 per meter barrier length (recently increased). Such system allows for hydro-seeding and planting.Rockfall barrier structure can serve better when regularly checked, and maintained. Different protection levels can be used as third level using soldier beams and fourth level as mat foundation. Additional protection systems are used as grouting, and slope geometry
Ground Anchor, FHWA
Reference:
Shaaban, M. (2010). Rockfall Bolting and Barrier Protection Systems. Journal of Al-Azhar University Engineering Sector, JAUES, ISSN 1110-6409, Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 736-747.
